Last minute weekend trip

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Nature

Ice deserts cover the islands adjacent to Europe in the Arctic Ocean. The relief is mountainous. It is covered with thick ice layers. The ice in places is up to 3km thick. In some places there are rocky peaks. Polar, with low negative temperatures and scarce rainfall (about 148mm). Daily temperatures reach 2-3°C. Rudi- potassium and rock salt. The waters are permafrost. The soils are shallow - mostly swampy and infertile. In depth, they are frozen. Inhabitants: polar bear, polar fox, polar partridge, etc. Walruses, seals and various species of fish can be found along the coastal parts of the sea. The white wolf is considered to be the largest predator. Lichens and mosses appear on the mountain foothills and coasts, and low-growing willows and birches in the extreme south of the area. The icy fasts are uninhabited. Stations of Arctic explorers are being built.

The tundra is occupied by Iceland, the northern parts of the Scandinavian Peninsula, the Kola Peninsula and Kanin. Mostly mountainous and flat. Subpolar. Winter is 8-9 months long and cold(up to -65°C), and summer is relatively cool(-12°C). The area is rich in iron ores - Kiruna and Yelivare. The Scandinavian peninsula and the vast Finnish-Karelian region are dotted with thousands of lakes. Tundra soils are widespread. Found: polar bear, silver fox, white rabbit and reindeer, wolves. Rivers and lakes are rich in fish. Marsh grasses, shrubs, mosses and lichens. Low trees(willows, birches) and shrubs often appear. In summer, blueberries and mushrooms are found. The main economic activities are hunting, fishing and ore mining.

Lesotundra is a transitional zone between the tundra and coniferous forests(taiga subzone). The relief is transitional - from mountains to plains and plateaus. Subpolar: Winter is harsh and summer is heavier than tundra. And here, as in the cradle, iron ore is found. Non-permanent mode; flooded rivers in summer, there are also many swamps. To the north the soils are tundra, and to the south they turn into podzolic(peat-clay and peat-swamp). The most common here are reindeer, white rabbit, tundra partridge. Dwarf birch, willow and blueberries are common. Reindeer husbandry is the main livelihood of the population.

Albanian coast

Albania is a country washed by two seas at once - the Adriatic and the Ionian. The coastal area has a mild Mediterranean climate, dry and hot in summer and humid and cool in winter. Tourists most often choose the popular coastal resorts - Durres, Fier, Saranda, Vlora, Shkodra. Cultural tourism enthusiasts also have something to do, such as visiting the archaeological museum-reserve of Butrint and the historic centers of Berat and Gjirokastra, both included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Several Albanian cities have preserved medieval castles, for example, Petrela Castle in the suburbs of Tirana and Skanderbeg Castle in Kruja.

Baltic coast of Estonia

On their first trip to Estonia, tourists usually stop in Tallinn and spend most of their time there. Although there are many interesting places in Estonia besides the capital. The whole country is like one big resort, with many lakes, mineral springs, wide beaches and a high level of service. An hour's drive from Tallinn is the Lahemaa National Park, one of the largest in the country. Most of it is covered with swamps, in several parts of which there are small lakes. You can walk in the park by bike or on foot - the walking path is made of wooden flooring. If you go a little further to the west, then you will find yourself in the resort of Pärnu, with its gorgeous beaches, or on the island of Saaremaa, where there are many pine forests and very democratic spas.

Porto, Portugal

Portugal's second largest city sits on the banks of the Duoro River. Ribeira - the area of the city that stretches along the river, is attractive for delicious food in local restaurants.Other popular attractions include the giant Serralves Park and the chic art museum located in it. But the most famous in the city is the port itself. Vinologia is a great place to start exploring the variety of fortified wines, or you can go shopping in Vila Nova de Gaia on the opposite side of the river.

Weather

Temperatures vary in latitude and altitude. In winter, temperatures decrease from south to north, because with increasing latitude decreases the amount of solar heat received. In addition, temperatures decrease from west to east in winter as the influence of ocean air masses gradually weakens and the influence of continental air masses increases. The highest temperatures were measured in the Iberian Peninsula(48°C) and the lowest in Northeastern Europe(-52°C). The annual rainfall on the continent also varies from west to east. As you move away from the Atlantic Ocean, rainfall gradually decreases. In the Atlantic regions, the annual rainfall is about 1000 - 2000mm, and in the Eastern European plain - about 300 - 500mm. The highest amount of precipitation was measured in Tsarkvice station - 5317mm. It is located in the Dinaric Mountains, on the western slopes, which meet the humid air masses of the Mediterranean. The lowest precipitation was measured in the Caspian lowland - 160mm. The prevailing winds in Europe are westerly and southwesterly, which carry moist air from the Atlantic Ocean throughout the year. The northeast winds are very cold and affect mainly in winter.